Lighting Assessment WAI-985-000-REPLC-0019_Rev 0.Docx Waihi North Project Appendix B Page 1 of 2 21/06/2022 Assessment of Environmental Effects: Lighting REVISION: 0 - Final Appendix B Glossary of Lighting Terms The following simple definitions are based upon those within Australian/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS 4282:2019 “Control of the obtrusive effects of outdoor lighting” and apply to terms used in this report: GLARE Condition of vision in which there is discomfort or a reduction in the ability to see, or both, caused by an unsuitable distribution or range of luminance, or extreme contrasts in the field of vision. Visual impairment or discomfort resulting from the intensity of a light source and the brightness contrast with the associated surroundings. It is affected by the light source size and intensity, background brightness, and the location relative to the viewing position. The two terms that are normally used to describe the effects of glare on the ability to see are disability and discomfort. Disability Glare: Glare that impairs the visibility of objects without necessarily causing discomfort. A typical example of disability glare is the glare from approaching headlights on the open highway at night, which prevent anything else being seen on the road. The eye is unable to adapt to the bright headlight and to the significantly lower brightness on the road at the same time. Hence the glare is having a disabling effect. This disabling effect is related to the intensity of the source in the direction of the eye with respect to the brightness of the surroundings. As a comparison, the same car approaching with its headlights on during the day will cause almost no disability because of the brightness of the surroundings. Discomfort Glare: Glare that causes discomfort without necessarily impairing the visibility of objects. An example of discomfort glare is a bright sky on a sunny day can cause discomfort, particularly to those used to wearing sunglasses who are without them, however the ability to see is not impaired. The key difference between the two is that disability glare has a physiological effect and can be objectively measured, whereas discomfort glare has a psychological effect and is much more subjective. What may not cause discomfort to one person may cause significant discomfort to another person. Note: Both disability and discomfort glare may be present concurrently. ILLUMINANCE The measure of illumination level, which is the amount of light or luminous flux (i.e. Lumens) incident on a surface, per unit area, measured in Lux (1 Lux = 1 Lumen /m²).
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